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Estonia has four public law cultural organisations, which have their own Acts: the Estonian National Opera, the National Library of Estonia, the Estonian Cultural Endowment and Estonian Public Broadcasting. These are supervised and financed directly by the Parliament (cultural committee). After the re-independency in 1991, there have been two waves of désetatisation in cultural organisations: one in the early 1990s and one since 2013. Those institutional changes mainly mean that the Ministry of Culture closes state organisations and establishes (with the same assets, property and more or less the same aims) state-owned foundations (SA - sihtasutus). Foundations are preferred over... read more →

Among the private organisations funding culture, the largest is the Estonian National Culture Foundation (established 1991). The foundation is a legal person governed by private law. The objective of its activity is charity aimed at supporting Estonian national culture through the purposeful accumulation and distribution of financial resources. An eleven-member council of the foundation is composed of Estonian cultural persons who direct the activity of the foundation and are independent in their decision-making. The Estonian National Culture Foundation supports: individuals with scholarships for studies and research work, and for creative and athletic activities;organisations with grants for charity in launching and... read more →

The budget of the Ministry of Culture is divided primarily into three main areas, the objectives of which are set out in the State Budget Strategy 2020-2023 and in the sectoral strategy papers: General Principles of Cultural Policy until 2020, Integrating Estonia 2020 and Basic Fundamentals of Estonian Sports Policy until 2030. The three areas are culture (including the arts and heritage), sport and integration. The biggest share of the Ministry’s budget in 2020 is culture (79%), followed by sports (18%) and integration (ca 4%). Chart 3: Ministry of Culture budget distribution between three main areas of responsibility, 2020 Source:... read more →

See chapter 7.1.1. There is no clear overview of local governments’ spending on culture. In their annual reports, local authorities report the aggregate amount of "leisure, culture, sports and religion", where, for example, the capital Tallinn has also consolidated a zoo, botanical garden and other non-cultural expenditure according to national and international standards. Chart 2 shows local governments spending in this field over the last decade, which filters out sports, zoos, botanical gardens and religion, as well as grants for local hobby schools. At the same time, it should be noted that in Estonia, the Ministry of Culture budget also... read more →

The Estonian GDP at current prices per capita grew strongly at the beginning of the century and again after the economic depression since 2012 (see Table 7).  In the 2020 Estonian state budget, expenditure and investment is EUR 11,6 billion, of which 1,05 billion is external aid. In the Estonian 2020 State Annual Budget from total expenses, about 2,07% -(EUR 254 million) is the budget of the Ministry of Culture. (Explanatory Memorandum to the 2020 State Budget).  Chart 1: Estonian state budget expenditure structure between ministries and constitutional institutions, 2020 Source: Estonian 2020 State Budget Act Table 7: Estonian GDP... read more →

The Media Services Act states the procedure and principles for provision of audiovisual media services and radio services and the requirements for providers of media services. It also provides the procedure for issuing activity licenses for TV- and radio-channels and the procedure for the registration of the provision of on-demand audiovisual media services. The Act gives the principles of protection of a person who has provided information to a person for journalistic purposes. According to the Act, audiovisual media services are: television service which is provided on the basis of the programme schedule for simultaneous viewing of programmes, on-demand audiovisual... read more →

There are no laws for design or creative services.

The National Library of Estonia Act provides the legal status, purpose, functions, management, financing and administrative supervision over the activity of the National Library of Estonia (Eesti Rahvusraamatukogu). The National Library is a legal person in public law, operating on the basis of this Act. The purpose of the National Library is to increase the initiative, awareness and responsibility based on knowledge and information in the society, and promote the country, European common values, culture and democracy. According to the Act, upon implementation of its purpose, the National Library shall operate pursuant to UNESCO recommendations for national and parliamentary libraries.... read more →

In February 2019, the Parliament passed the new Heritage Conservation Act. The objectives of this Act are the preservation and diversity of cultural heritage, which is ensured with the following activities: preservation and protection of cultural monuments, heritage conservation areas and the environments of cultural value surrounding thereof;protection of archaeological finds and protected archaeological sites;safeguarding of intangible cultural heritage. The Heritage Conservation Act applies to the designation of monuments, heritage conservation areas, protected archaeological sites, organising the protection and preservation of monuments and archaeological finds. The new Act balances the rights and obligations of the state with those of the... read more →

The activities of theatrical and music institutions are primarily governed by the Performing Arts Institutions Act and National Opera Act.  This Act regulates the activity of performing arts institutions, which operate as a foundation founded by the state or with the participation of the state or as a local government institution. The Act regulates the activities of the performing arts institutions operating as legal persons in private law only insofar as it is specified in the Act. The Ministry of Culture has initiated the updating of the Performing Arts Institutions Act.  The Performing Art Institutions Act provides the definition of... read more →