Employment is regulated by the general Labour Code, including the minimum wage, for those working in the “public sector”, although it does not regulate freelance work or self-employed workers. However, the bulk of cultural workers and artists are somehow employed in state institutions, or are members of creative unions (which is equal to employment under the terms of paid membership fees).
The Labour Code allows for fixed term employment contracts, which are convenient for directors of theatre or music companies; however, cultural and art workers prefer and insist on indefinite term employment agreements. Some of the Labour Code clauses regulate participation of children in cultural work and use of art works, as well as artists’ work at night, on holidays and festival days.
In 1993, special legal provisions were made for outstanding creative workers employed in the state institutions and gave directors the power to determine their salary without limitations. In 1994, and in 1996, special Federal Government Acts established a minimum rate of remuneration for filmmakers, artists, writers and others. Creative workers employed in state funded institutions and those working in the mass media receive salaries, honoraria and fees.
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