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In culture, gender equality is not formally anchored in the laws and regulations relating to cultural policies, although the ministry of Culture has the ambition to "constantly ensure equal representation in the bodies of internal decision-making and promotes equal representation of women and men within external management bodies (public establishments, agreement sector, etc.).”[1] Early 2021, the share of women and men in the management positions of cultural institutions was as follows: Figure 1 : Female/Male representatives in leading positions of cultural institutions Source: Ministère de la Culture, Luxembourg[2] [1] Rapport d’activité 2020 (2021) Ministère de la Culture, p.123 [2] Rapport... read more →

While the Constitution does not (yet) contain a provision on the country’s languages, a 1984 law specifies that Luxembourgish is the national language of Luxembourgers. Furthermore, it stipulates that French is the legislative language, whereas Luxembourgish, French and German are to be considered as administrative and judicial languages[1]. Due to the fact that almost half of the population is made up foreigners, there are many other language communities, the Portuguese being the largest group of foreigners in Luxembourg (approx. 15% of the total population). Thus, the ministry of Education, Children and Youth, foresees specific integrated courses in Portuguese language and... read more →

Overview According to the report “Monitoring media pluralism in the digital era – country report Luxemburg” published by the,University of Luxembourg, “the media market in Luxembourg is surprisingly rich compared to its size and the number of inhabitants. The country exercises an important role in the management of international media concessions. The print sector includes five daily newspapers, one free daily newspaper, and several magazines, weekly and monthly newspapers. The TV market is dominated by RTL and there are 5 TV stations (four local and one national), but residents also have access to channels from the neighboring countries. RTL is... read more →

In view of the specificities of the country and as developed in chapter 2.5.1, intercultural dialogue and openness to cultural diversity are related directly to the Luxembourg model of society. This also translates into the educational system, considering that 1) 60% of students entering primary school are of foreign origin, and that 2) Luxembourg pupils learn at least three foreign languages as part of their schooling, literacy starting in German. Education to diversity thus begins at school. Nevertheless, one of the main conclusions of the National Education Report 2021 of the University of Luxembourg was that “the current school system... read more →

As Luxembourg is a multilingual and multicultural country, with a foreign population of 47.2% in 2021 and approx. 211,700 cross-border employees on a daily basis, intercultural dialogue is an intrinsic element of national policies, including in particular cultural policies. The interaction between some 175 nationalities within a limited territory, "which can give rise to political, social or cultural tensions, is rather perceived in and by Luxembourg as an opportunity to maintain its dual European and Luxembourg consciousness, to draw new strengths in the peaceful cohabitation of all concerned and to serve as an example for a future harmonious Europe.”[1] In... read more →

In accordance with successive governments’ transversal Digital Lëtzebuerg strategy, launched in 2014, the coalition agreement 2018-2023 of the current government puts much importance on the digitalisation of the cultural sector.[1] Acknowledging both the necessity and labour-intensive nature of effectively managing digital collections, whether digitized- or digital-born, but also considering the paradigm shift that an increasingly digital society represents, the ministry of Culture put in place a digital strategy for cultural heritage in 2017. Accordingly, the three main objectives of the strategy are: 1) Broad and inclusive access to digital cultural heritage, 2) Synergies between cultural heritage institutions, 3) A sustainable... read more →

Although there are no policies or measures to promote exclusively and explicitly artistic freedom, the concept is very much at the core of the government’s policy in general and of every measure taken in favour of artists and creative professionals, notably in terms of creating social and economic conditions allowing them to work freely and independently. An important element to that regard is the State support system for independent professional artists and intermittent workers. According to the amended law of 19 December 2014 relating to 1) social measures for the benefit of independent professional artists and intermittent workers and 2)... read more →

Luxembourg’s constitution guarantees a certain number of fundamental rights, such as freedom of expression, individual freedom, right of association and the protection of the human and natural environment. So far, cultural rights are not yet embedded in the constitution or in national legislation. Nevertheless, on the one hand, and in the context of the process currently underway to give the constitution a general revision, the introduction of an article relating to cultural rights is currently being analysed. Indeed, if adopted, a new article would foresee that the State guarantees access to culture, the right to cultural development and that it... read more →

Many efforts have been invested since 2018 in changing the overall approach to the cultural sector, in challenging long established policy approaches and in rendering procedures more participatory, thus narrowing the gap between discussions within the sector, civil society and the policy level. In that process, a very strong focus is being put, on the one hand, on the professionalisation of the cultural and creative actors and on professional artists’ working conditions, whereas cultural heritage protection is the other predominant priority. In terms of governance, significant emphasis is put on the participatory approach to cultural policies through the regular organisation... read more →

While ensuring most of the financing of these participations, the ministry of Culture has delegated the organisation of the country’s representation in major projects, such as the Venice Biennale, the Frankfurter Buchmesse or Les Rencontres d’Arles, to external professional structures: for the Venice Biennale, it is either Mudam/Musée d’Art Moderne or Casino Luxembourg-Forum d’art contemporain or Luxembourg Centre for Architecture; the stand at Frankfurter Buchmesse is organised by Kultur|lx; Les Rencontres d’Arles pass through the non-profit association Lët’z Arles. For other such projects (e.g. Düsseldorf Tanzmesse), the modus vivendi is the same.