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The Council of Municipalities (Kommunernes Landsforening, KL) is a co-ordinating organisation for the 98 municipalities in Denmark, with the mission to promote the interests of its members. KL is an important actor in the negotiation, planning and implementation of cultural policy, especially after the abolishment of the counties and the transfer of more cultural responsibility to the municipalities.

Denmark is in the middle of a fundamental structural transformation of the public sector. The Local Government Reform (kommunalreformen), passed by the Parliament in 2005, has decreased 275 municipalities and 14 counties to 98 municipalities and 5 regions. The reform came into force on 1 January 2007 and will be fully implemented by 2012. According to the reform, the former cultural responsibility of the counties, now abolished, has been transferred to either the state level or the new municipalities e.g. the state has taken over the responsibility for regional theatres, orchestras, museums etc., while the new grand municipalities have been... read more →

Danish cultural policy is both centralised and decentralised; one of the reasons is that the development of public cultural policy and institutions in Denmark is closely linked to the cultural and political movements that fostered Danish democracy and the welfare state. Different concepts of culture have been a central wheel in this process. Since Denmark adopted its first democratic constitution in 1849, social movements and a broad range of popular associations have flourished in Denmark. Liberal Movements for agricultural cooperatives, folk high schools and the later worker movement included culture as a social dimension and as a process in which... read more →

In Denmark, cultural life and the authorities have had a mutual commitment to one another since the Middle Age. The Reformation of 1536 transferred responsibility for culture from the Church to the Court. Until the June Constitution of 1849 and the advent of democracy, it was almost exclusively the King and the members of his court who, to varying degrees, showed interest in and funded culture. Thus art and culture in Denmark already had a solid feudal tradition and a well-established infrastructure, consisting of absolutist secular and ecclesiastical cultural institutions, upon which to build. The demise of Absolutism in 1849... read more →

A key actor in the provision of cultural services is the non-profit sector and cultural policy is also of course shaped by civil society and initiatives in this field that have emerged over time in the CR. This sector has an influence on the transformation of the cultural policies of towns and it also influences cultural policy at the state level. The biggest influence is evident in the changes in grant and other support systems in the field of culture and in the establishment of advisory bodies and more. In connection with the COVID-19 crisis, which had an especially severe... read more →

In the CR, there was a period in the late 19th and early 20th century when club life bloomed and during that time various kinds of clubs were founded – national houses, community clubs, and sporting associations (Sokol) etc., where people went not just for entertainment but also to get together. They evolved naturally, embedded in community life, until the Communist regime seized power. The regime severed these links, nationalised property, quashed civil society, and seized control of entertainment. The old buildings used for these activities fell into decline; some were refurbished, but usually suffered from insensitive structural modifications. They were... read more →

In conformity with Act No. 561/2004 Coll. on Preschool, Elementary, Secondary, Higher, Higher Technical and Other Education, interest-based education offers participants activities in various areas during their free time. Interest-based education concerns children and students at every level, and is usually offered at educational facilities – children's and youth homes, centres of extracurricular activities, elementary schools, after-school clubs and centres, etc. They are non-compulsory and organised during free-time and after-school hours. Informal education relates to all age groups and is offered by a variety of different legal entities: cultural and educational facilities run under bodies of state administration (e.g. museums,... read more →

Higher arts education is provided mainly through conservatories and other professional and arts schools. There are currently 18 publicly subsidised conservatories in the Czech Republic providing education in the fields of dance, ballet, theatre, and music. Secondary and higher arts schools also focus on other fields such as visual arts and design. Alongside state schools and schools that fall under the control of the municipalities, there are also private schools, such as the Film Academy of Miroslav Ondricek in Písek. The CR has been a participant in the Bologna process since 1999 and the Czech representative is also a member... read more →

The issue of intercultural education appears in all the strategic documents of the MEYS: e.g. the White Book – the National Programme for the Development of Education in the Czech Republic (2001); the Long-Term Plan for Education and the Development of the Education System in the Czech Republic (2007); the Concept of State Policy for Children and Young People for the Period 2007–2013 and the Strategy for the Education Policy of the CR up to 2030 (Ministry of Education, 2020). Each year the MEYS announces its Programme in Support of Education in the Languages of Ethnic Minorities and Intercultural Education.... read more →