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Today's network of public cultural institutions of the Republic of Armenia, generally founded back in the Soviet 1920-30s, have been perpetually undergoing semantic and morphological changes, which became dramatic especially in the post-Soviet period. Although in the post-soviet period new cultural and educational structures and institutions began to emerge, the old ones also proved to be viable after some more or less significant changes.  In the post-soviet period, most of the cultural institutions underwent structural and legal status changes. Since 2002, museums, libraries, and performance organisations (theatres and concert-halls) have been reorganised into state non-profit organisations. Large cultural organisations were... read more →

Table 1: Cultural institutions, by sector and domain Domain Cultural institutions (subdomains) Public sector      2016-2017 2020-2021 Cultural heritage Cultural heritage sites (recognised) 24.221 24.221   Archaeological sites N/A N/A Museums Museum institutions 106 100 Archives Archive institutions N/A N/A Visual arts Public art galleries / exhibition halls 1 1 Performing arts Scenic and stable spaces for theatre 28 26   Concert houses       Theatre companies 28 26   Dance and ballet companies 1 1   Symphonic orchestras 1 1 Libraries Libraries 733 664 Audiovisual Cinemas N/A N/A   Broadcasting organisations N/A N/A Interdisciplinary Socio-cultural centres /... read more →

Since the Soviet times, Armenia has inherited the large network of public institutions (schools, universities, houses of culture, art and music schools, libraries, theatres, cinema theatres, museums, and art galleries) and a widely shared perception that education and culture should be orchestrated, managed and financially covered primarily by the state. However, since as early as the 1990's, a number of NGOs and private organizations acting in the sphere of education and culture has significantly increased[1]. Their activities in very rare cases were compatible with the governmental strategies, only in those cases when they were founded by governmental officials or their... read more →

There are a lot of private funding initiatives of different calibers in the country, both of an individual and collective nature. Local and Diaspora benefactors may fund different education and cultural events, initiatives, projects such as equipping schools and kindergartens, supporting cultural events, helping creative individuals, etc. Usually, making cultural or educational donations is prestigious among affluent migrants and local businessmen. Besides, there are private institutionalized funds supporting educational and cultural initiatives. It is worth mentioning several Armenian or Armenia-oriented Funds that purposely support education and culture in Armenia. Examples are: Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation  The programme of cultural support for... read more →

Table 5: Direct state cultural expenditure and transfers (central level)*: by sector, [2021], in 1000 of national currency Field/Domain/Sub-domain TOTAL in 1000 in % I. Cultural Heritage 2,982,531.4   9.67 Historical Monuments 70,063.3   0.2 Museums 2,683,860.8   8.7 Archives 590,176.5   1.9 Libraries 1,522,677.5   4.9 Intangible Heritage / Folk Culture 38,400.0   0.12 II. Visual Arts 8,738,054.5   28.34 Fine Arts / Plastic Arts N/A   Photography N/A   Architecture*** N/A   Design / Applied Arts N/A   III. Performing Arts 8,738,054.5   28.34 Music 2,380,252.7   7.7 Theatre, Music Theatre, Dance 2,945,894.1   9.5 Multidisciplinary 954,192.4  ... read more →

Table 4. Public cultural expenditure by level of government, [2021] Level of government Total expenditure in national currency AMD Total expenditure in EUR* % share of total State (central, federal) 30.826.064 78.437 1.55 Regional (provincial, Länder, etc.) N/A N/A N/A Local (municipal, incl. counties) N/A N/A N/A TOTAL 30.826.064 78.437 100% Note: * At the date of expenditure 1 EUR=393.72 AMD (20.10.2022) Source:https://www.e-gov.am/interactive-budget/2021/?fbclid=IwAR0EmAaYCw0ovQg8K_Mkl7eCFLAUiiYc5epcs8z6Yh0WE95IWahta7U6nTg#{%22groupIndex%22:%228%22,%22subGroupIndex%22:1,%22classIndex%22:null,%22programIndex%22:null,%22minIndex%22:null

The cultural sector in Armenia is mainly financed from the state budget. This funding approach provides cultural institutions with relative stability and development. It corresponds to the "state as architect" model of cultural policy[1]. State funding is allocated to various branches of culture and education in accordance with the priority plan developed by the Ministry and approved by the Government. Thus, in 2021, the following priorities have been defined: a. support for the cinematography industry; cultural heritage; performing and creative arts; d. development of children's artistic abilities; e. organization of cultural life in marzes; f. programme of modernization and preservation... read more →

The law on Audio-visual media was accepted in 2020. It aims: to ensure everyone's right to receive reliable information; to guarantee the right to freedom of expression of opinion; to guarantee editorial independence of persons rendering audiovisual media services; to guarantee independence of the body regulating the audio-visual media sector; to promote the development of a variety of audiovisual transfers. As a result of implementation of the policy in the audio-visual media sector, it is expected to improve the quality of audio-visual products of public broadcasters, establish a favourable and prospective legal framework, create an equal competitive environment in the... read more →

Legal acts relating to these art forms have not been adopted yet.

The Law on Mandatory Copying of Documents, adopted on the 04 October 2005, regulates the legal and financial-economic relations concerning the delivery, permanent preservation, registration of editions, electronic publications and unpublished material of all types, preparation of a bibliography and public use of the national heritage. According to some Decrees adopted by the government in 1997, central libraries of the library system were reorganised as regional libraries, and other libraries under community ownership. The coordinating link of works between the state and book-publishing sphere is the Agency on Publishing of the Ministry of Culture, which is responsible for the organisation... read more →