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In 2011, the central government marked the Dutch creative industry as one of the nine top sectors and these sectors are all accompanied by specific top sector policy and a so-called top team. The creative industry is supported by the Ministries of Economic Affairs, Education, Culture and Science and, to a lesser extent, Foreign Affairs. In the Netherlands, the creative industry encompasses entrepreneurs and creative professionals within the field of creative business services (e.g. product designers, architects, fashion designers, digital designers, graphic designers and photographers), media and entertainment (e.g. publishers, game developers, film-, television- and radio makers, DJ’s and VJ’s)... read more →

Approximately two million children, young people and adults in the Netherlands occasionally or regularly take art classes, courses or workshops as a leisure activity.[1] Out-of-school arts education is provided by professional arts and cultural institutions (e.g. museums, theatre companies, etc.), local arts education centres and music schools, and many private/independent arts teachers and artists. Part of these out-of-school suppliers also engage in arts and heritage education projects and programmes for and with schools. The last decade, many municipalities have cut the budgets for non-formal arts education at subsidised arts education centres and music schools. As a result, centres and schools... read more →

In the policy letter Culture in an Open Society (2018), the Minister of Education, Culture and Science mentions that she aims to improve talent-development programmes regarding visual arts and crafts. The primary goal of the project is to match the cultural interests of the youth with cultural offerings. The organisations Rijksakademie van beeldende kunsten and De Ateliers are responsible for managing these programs.    In 2018, a new policy was initiated regarding the exchange of visual artworks (Code Bruikleenverkeer) in collaboration with the Association of Provinces of the Netherlands(Interprovinciaal Overleg) and the Association of Netherlands Municipalities (VNG). The Ministry will also... read more →

Apart from the organisations that receive direct state funding via the national basic infrastructure (BIS, see chapter 1.1), the Performing Arts Fund NL decides which performing arts organisations will receive subsidy from the central government. The fund has a budget of EUR 62 million and provides multi-annual funding to 84 cultural organisations since 2017. Applicants are judged on the following criteria: artistic quality, entrepreneurship, diversity and geographical spread. A fifth criterion applies to festivals and competitions, which is a contribution to the development of the performing arts. The maintenance and management of theatre, music and opera buildings is the responsibility... read more →

Dutch art academies or schools of arts are higher professional education institutions (universities for applied sciences) for vocational education and training (for example the Gerrit Rietveld Academy in Amsterdam, the HKU University of the Arts Utrecht and the Willem de Kooning Academy in Rotterdam). They offer courses in architecture, fine art, media, film, photography, heritage, design, music, dance and theatre, intended to lead to a career as a professional artist, arts educator or entrepreneur in the arts. Courses are predominantly offered at a bachelor level, but the amount of master level courses has increased in the last ten years. Currently,... read more →

In the Netherlands, primary schools are given full responsibility for the educational quality and are granted autonomy when it comes to their own curriculum. This applies to all subjects, including arts and culture. The quantity and quality of arts education differs greatly per school. Some schools have specialised art teachers (mainly for music education), but general teachers are responsible for arts and cultural education in most primary schools. Almost every school has one of its teachers trained as culture coordinator who is responsible for the cultural education policy of the school and who coordinates the contacts between the school and... read more →

The Archives Act was created in 1995, which ensures access to and maintenance of the governmental archive. The archive of the central government is the National Archive in The Hague. The central government, the provinces and the municipalities currently collaborate in the development of a digital archive infrastructure, which is called the e-Depot. To stimulate the digital accessibility of archives, the Minister of Education, Culture and Science made a development budget of EUR 6.1 million available in both 2019 and 2020. In 2018, Minister Slob proposed to have governmental documents automatically archived after ten years instead of twenty years. A... read more →

Before 2016, the conservation and management of Dutch cultural heritage was governed by various regulations and laws. Different definitions, procedures and safeguards resulted in a sectoral fragmentation of heritage legislation. To solve this, the Heritage Act (Erfgoedwet) was installed in July 2016. The act replaced six laws and regulations in the field of cultural heritage, including the Monuments and Historic Buildings Act (1988) and the Cultural Heritage Preservation Act (1984). The Heritage Act describes what cultural heritage is, how the Netherlands deals with movable cultural heritage, who is responsible for what and how the Netherlands monitors this. More specifically, the... read more →

At the national level, the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science is responsible for arts and cultural education via legislation, subsidies and communication. Cultural education (arts and heritage orientation) in primary and secondary education is regulated by national law. ‘Arts orientation’ is a statutory learning domain in primary schools, laid down in law. Arts subjects in lower and upper secondary education also have legal status, as does the course Cultural and Artistic Education (CKV) that was introduced for upper secondary education in 1999. Statutory arts education at school (formal arts education) is funded as part of the general funding of... read more →

The Dutch Advertising Code is a self-regulatory organisation that formulates the rules with which advertising must comply. Legislation regarding landscape design will be integrated in the Environment and Planning Act, which will come into effect in 2021 (see chapter 4.2.2). The professional titles of architect, town planner, landscape architect and interior architect are protected by the Architects Title Act (1987). Only those who are registered in the Architects' Register may use one of these titles. The aesthetic aspect of the architectural environment is protected by the Dutch Housing Act (1992), which regulates and controls the aesthetic standard of building activities.... read more →