Germany is a federally organised country with different levels of government: the federal state or federation (i.e. the national authorities, parliament, etc.),the federal states (as autonomous states),and the municipalities (cities, municipalities, districts). The German Constitution (Grundgesetz) sets out the division of responsibilities and competences between the different levels of government. Article 30 of the German Constitution assigns most competencies to the federal states (Länder): "the exercise of state powers and competencies is a matter for the federal states (Länder), except where specifically stipulated or permitted by the German Constitution". At the moment, there is no general constitutional clause giving the... read more →
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If you are not happy with the results below please do another searchHistorical background In contrast to most European countries, Germany was made up of many independent feudal states and city republics that each pursued their own cultural policies and established a host of cultural institutions. Among them were distinct cultural traditions that were not centralised nor assimilated in the German Empire (Reich), founded in 1871. While the new Reich government was responsible for foreign cultural policy, the constituent states retained responsibility for their own cultural policies. The special autonomy of the municipalities extended to the area of cultural affairs which was supported by a strong civic commitment to the arts and... read more →
In the broad range of Georgian public organizations, the share of the nongovernmental sector in the field of culture is rather small, generally due to the low level of financing of culture and non-diversified sources. This has resulted in a dependence on the financial support of the state. On the background of a stable fall in international funding of culture and possible termination of state financing, some organizations have been abolished or reorganized. This process intensified during the Covid-19 pandemic. The “Cultural Strategy 2025” includes general issues regarding cooperation with NGOs; however, the state in addition to the programmes supporting... read more →
Before the Culture Strategy 2025 was created in 2016, there was no clear coordinated or strategically developed governmental programme for the promotion of participation in cultural life, and no state policy for extended civil participation or development / solidarity in the civic community. There are some initiatives to promote the sale and distribution of season tickets by Zachariah Paliashvili State Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet and project "Dmanisi" of the National Museum – which is a summer archeology camp for children. Some activities organized by the state could be considered as promoting participation in cultural life e.g.: National holidays... read more →
The Law on State Support for National Cinematography was passed on 5 December 2000. As well as determining the legal mechanisms for state support to national cinematography, the Law establishes the status of a national film, the legislative base for financing its production and distribution, the legal status of a respective organization operating in the film sphere and outlines the basic principles of state support for film-making. These basic principles are expressed in creation of guarantees for creative activity and creative freedom, in protection of copyright and concerning integration of Georgian cinematography in the world film process etc. The Law takes into... read more →
The official language of Georgia is Georgian. In the territory of Abkhazia there are two official languages – Georgian and Abkhazian. Law on Official Language - 22/07/2015 / N 4084-RS /. The law enforces the constitutional status of the state language, establishes the legal basis for its use and protection, and regulates legal relations of the functioning of state and non-state languages. The Constitution of Georgia obliges all departments, municipal services and users to use the Georgian language and all official versions of legislative texts must be published in Georgian. In order to promote integration of minorities and their participation... read more →
The main legislative act regulating copyright and related rights in Georgia is the Law on Copyright and Related Rights (1999). In addition, Georgia is a member of: The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (since May 16, 1995);The Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations (since 14 August 2004);The World Intellectual Property Organization Copyright Treaty (WCT) and World Intellectual Property Organization Performance and Phonograms Treaty (WPPT) since May 20, 2002:The Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights Agreement (TRIPS) of the World Trade Organization (WTO) since 14 June 2000. As for... read more →
In Georgia, there is no definite legislation to regulate social security provision for the cultural sector, although various kinds of security are provided under other legislation. In particular: Law of Georgia on State Pension (December 23, 2005. №2442-rs)Law of Georgia on Social Assistance (LHG, 51, 31/12/2006)Law of Georgia on State Compensation and State Academic Scholarships (December 27, 2005. №2549-rs) (applies to scientists and not artists). State programmes for social and health care are administered by the LEPL Social Service Agency under the Ministry of Internally Displaced Persons from the Occupied Territories, Labour, Health and Social Affairs of Georgia. The function... read more →
The problem in Georgian cultural policy is not having a paradigmatic approach to culture in whole or in part, but understanding the essence of a "cultural" component of the cultural good and its significance in a long-term strategy. Moreover, culture is becoming increasingly important as a tool of the political and economic power of the elite: In Georgian cultural policy a significant, fast emerging class of political and financial elites is implanting the ideology of a "consumption" policy. This naturally reflects on cultural consumption and participation. In Georgia, cultural consumption is a field for further manipulation of a well-established political... read more →
The strategic goals of the Culture Strategy 2025, approved in 2016, include “Access to Culture and Cultural Diversity. "Goal: Culture is accessible to all members of society and the freedom of cultural expression is safeguarded. 2.2. Objective: All members of the society, including vulnerable groups, youth and minorities are actively engaged in cultural life and have access to the cultural infrastructure and resources. Tasks: Ensure that principles of gender equality are taken into account during the planning and implementation of cultural policy, use the potential of culture to foster gender equality." In 1996, Georgia acceded to the International Convention on... read more →