During the past 30 years, as a result of conflicts with the separatist authorities of the Abkhazian Autonomous Republic and former South-Ossetian Autonomous District (the Inner Kartli), a new group has been formed in the population - IDP (internally displaced persons). Currently, there are 286 643 IDPs officially registered, of which 275 096 (95.97%) are from Abkhazia and 11 546 (4.0%) from the former South Ossetian Autonomous District (the Inner Kartli). Following the Russian - Georgian conflict in August, 2008, a new stream of IDP has emerged from so-called South Ossetia, the historical Shida (Internal) Kartli, the region Samachablo and from Kodori (a... read more →
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If you are not happy with the results below please do another searchThe Culture Strategy 2025 adopted in 2016 defines the cultural and creative industries as follows:: “Cultural and creative industries - The industries producing and distributing goods or services which embody or convey cultural expression, irrespective of the commercial value they may have; also industries in which the product or service contains a substantial element of artistic or creative endeavor. Besides the traditional arts sectors, creative industries encompass the audiovisual sector, advertising, media and broadcasting and etc.” The Culture Strategy 2025 Task 1.1 refers to the development of mechanisms promoting the so called startup businesses of the creative industries, and “creative... read more →
Georgia is rich in the diversity of ethnic, religious and cultural groups, which has given the country a unique and centuries-old experience of intercultural dialogue. According to the 2014 census, ethnic minorities make up about 14% of the population. According to the data of UNESCO CULTURE FOR DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS, Georgia’s Analytical and Technical Report, 2017, tolerance towards other cultures is indicated at 66.23%. This indicator determines the level of readiness for intercultural dialogue as well as the level of interaction within the community. A similar figure reflects respect for cultural diversity in state policy-making, which is converted into Georgian legislation... read more →
The principles of democratization and decentralization of culture, support for cultural diversity and preservation of the national identity, which forms the basis of contemporary cultural policy, trace back to the main objectives of the cultural sphere of the First Republic of Georgia (1918-1921). In the process of regaining independence in the 1990s, Georgia declared the continuity of the ideas of the First Republic. The first attempts at a theoretical generalization of the cultural practices of 1991-2001 and the adoption of a homogenous cultural policy document were made in 2001. After a strongly centralized cultural management system (2003-2011), with local interventionist... read more →
A very large number of associations and other non-governmental organisations operate in the field of arts and culture in France. For instance the coordination of culture and communication federations and associations (Cofac: http://www.cofac.asso.fr) federates more than 40 000 cultural associations. The federal union of cultural structures (Ufisc : http://www.ufisc.org) gathers federations and unions from the performing arts sector. Even though it is not easy to develop statistics on the associative scene because of its complexity and its diversity, various studies illustrate certain trends: Associations culturelles & emploi. Premier panorama, 2007 : http://www.opale.asso.fr/IMG/article_PDF/Premier-panorama-statistique-sur-les-associations_a78.pdf;rapport La France associative en mouvement, 10ème édition 2012 : http://www.recherches-solidarites.org;étude Repères sur... read more →
Arts and cultural education at school addresses three objectives: allows all pupils to constitute a rich and coherent personal culture throughout their school curriculum;develops and strengthen their artistic practice; andallows pupils to meet artists and see artworks, and to attend cultural institutions. Arts and cultural education is par excellence the domain of cooperation between the Ministry of Culture and the Ministry of Education. Since the 1970s many schemes and plans were implemented to strengthen arts and cultural education during school and out-of-school, to develop artistic and cultural professional training as well as the educational mission of the cultural establishments. In... read more →
Film, video and photography the Cinema and Animated Images Code regulates the specific system of support to the French cinema and broadcasting industries: system of taxation / redistribution, regulation of competition, advocacy of diversity, etc. (see chapter 4.2.3); andEuropean Convention of 2 October 1992 on Cinematographic Co-production, signed by France on the 19 March 1993. Examples of decrees relative to cinema: Decree n° 90-174 of 23 February 1990 modified, on the classification of cinematographic works;Decree n° 98-750 of 24 August 1998 modified, on financial support to the diffusion of certain cinematographic works in cinemas and on financial support to create... read more →
The legislative and regulatory provisions in French law regarding heritage and some cultural services are contained in the Heritage Code. This Code gives a broad definition of cultural heritage, covering all public and private buildings and movable property of historical, artistic, archaeological, aesthetic, scientific or technical interest (article L1). The Code is divided into seven thematic books (book II to VI) and crosscutting books (books I and VII): book I: common legal provisions for the whole sector;book II: archives: different services and competences for public archives;book III: libraries (see chapter 4.2.5);book IV: museums, in particular, definition of the statute "musée... read more →
Law n° 78-17 of 6 January 1978, called the "IT and Liberty Act" (Loi informatique et libertés). This law was modified in 2004 so as to transpose directive 95/46/ of 24 October 1995 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data into French law;Law n° 2000-230 of 13 March 2000 adapting the law of evidence to information technology and on the electronic signature;Law n° 2004-575 of 21 June 2004 called the "Confidence in digital economy Act" (Loi pour la confiance dans l'économie numérique). In 1978, an Independent... read more →
France is part of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works of 9 September 1886, which is currently followed by the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO). At national level, the Intellectual Property Code regulates copyright provisions. French law distinguishes between: patrimonial rights, which are the economic rights that proceed from the exploitation of works (art. L.122-1 and following of the Intellectual Property Code); andmoral rights that protect the link between the author and his / her work (art. L.121-1 and following this, the Intellectual Property Code). French law makes the creator the central element: "The author... read more →